On August 4, 1989, I wrote to Davis stating I did not believe Davis' charge constituted an unfair practice within the meaning of the Act. The Commission lacked jurisdiction to review the merits of Davis' grievance and only the majority representative, CWA, had standing to assert that the State, as Davis' employer, repudiated the contract during the handling of Davis' grievance.

Davis responded on August 14, 1989. She again argued the merits of her grievance. She also amended her charge to allege that the CWA violated its duty of fair representation in the handling of her grievance. The allegations of Davis' amendment were sufficient to warrant the processing of the charge and a conference was held with a Commission staff agent.

Our investigation of Davis' charge reveals that:

Davis was charged with insubordination for taking two days off without pay to take the New Jersey Bar Exam in July 1988. She appealed this suspension as a minor disciplinary action. The appeal was denied. Davis immediately requested a discretionary review by the Department of Personnel ("D.O.P.") and in addition, asked the CWA to grieve the discipline before the Joint Union/Management Panel (J.U.M.P.) as provided for in the collective negotiations agreement between the State and CWA (Article V, Section H).

In early December 1988, Davis received a copy of a letter from D.O.P. to the CWA stating Davis' request for a discretionary

review was being withdrawn. However, Davis immediately wrote to D.O.P. stating that she did not want her appeal withdrawn. She wanted to pursue both the discretionary appeal before D.O.P. and the contactual grievance before J.U.M.P. On February 2, 1989, the Department of Personnel denied Davis' appeal.

On March 1, 1989, the CWA informed Davis that her grievance would be heard by J.U.M.P. Then in July 1989, Davis was told that the Office of Employee Relations was refusing to allow her grievance to be heard by J.U.M.P. She claims that the union has, therefore, refused to process her grievance.

Although she never mentioned a letter from CWA to Davis dated December 21, 1988 in her statement of facts, Davis included this letter in her submissions to the Commission. It states:

I understand your desire to pursue your appeal via all possible avenues, however, this is an either/or situation. You chose to approach the appeal via the Department of Personnel, thus precluding your case from going before the Join Union/Management Panel.

In the future, I strongly suggest that you consult with your union before proceeding into these matters.

The State/CWA contract provides in Article IV, Paragraph B.1 "... a grievant may request that the Civil Service Commission agree to review any matter which by the terms of this grievance procedure may not be processed beyond step two." It is apparent that the union was aware of this provision of the contract and it attempted to withdraw Davis' appeal before D.O.P. to ensure that

A majority representative is responsible for representing the interests of all unit members without discrimination. Subsection 5.4(b)(1) requires that an employee organization fulfill its duty of fair representation. New Jersey has adopted the standard set forth in Vaca v. Sipes, 386 U.S. 171, 64 LRRM 2369 (1967), for deciding duty of fair representation cases. D'Arrigo v. N.J. State Bd. of Mediation, N.J. (l990). In Vaca v. Sipes, the Supreme Court held:

...a breach of the statutory duty of fair representation occurs only when a union's conduct towards a member of the collective bargaining unit is arbitrary, capricious or in bad faith.

[ Id. at 190, 64 LRRM 2376]

There is nothing in Davis' charge which, if true, would indicate CWA's conduct was arbitrary, capricious or in bad faith. At worst, there was a miscommunication between Davis and the CWA as to the implication of her going forward with her appeal before D.O.P.

BY ORDER OF THE DIRECTOR

OF UNFAIR PRACTICES




Edmund G. Gerber, Director

DATED: March 22, 1991
Trenton, New Jersey