The Township asserts that both positions are confidential within the meaning of the New Jersey Employer-Employee Relations

Act, N.J.S.A. 34:13A-1 et seq . (Act) and, therefore, should be excluded from the unit.

TWU objects to the petition. It asserts that neither employee has access to confidential labor relations materials; neither has knowledge of the significance of any labor relations materials they arguably might handle; and neither has functional responsibility for labor relations matters. Thus, the TWU argues that the duties performed by employees in these two positions do not meet the Act's definition of "confidential" duties.

We have conducted an administrative investigation into the instant matter. N.J.A.C. 19:11-2.2 and 2.6. On February 16 and March 23, 2000, the parties participated in an investigatory conference and presented facts and documentary evidence concerning the duties performed by these two employees. By letter dated March 16, 2001, I summarized the parties' positions and accompanying evidence and advised the parties of my intention to grant the Township's petition on the grounds that the positions of administrative assistant and secretary to the manager are confidential positions. I provided the parties an opportunity to respond and to forward additional materials. Neither party has responded or submitted supplemental material. As a result of our administrative investigation, I make the following:

KNOWLEDGES, SKILLS AND ABILITIES

Wide knowledge of Township policies and procedures, and of the internal organization and established policies, procedures and regulations relative to the work of the department.

Ability to prepare and supervise the preparation of statistical and other reports containing findings, conclusions, and recommendations.

Ability to supervise the establishment and maintenance of records and files.

Schneider reports directly to the township manager. In the absence of the manager, she reports to the chief financial officer. She routinely receives, opens and scans all mail addressed to the manager except mail stamped "do not open." Among the mail she handles is correspondence to the manager from the mayor and council,

Schneider has typed township proposals on an employee buy-back of health insurance plan and double coverage reimbursement. She has typed first drafts of the manager's proposals for collective negotiations between the Township and the blue-collar negotiations unit represented by the Teamsters. She also has typed the Township's counter-proposal to the Teamsters' contract proposal during the last negotiations, where the issues included, for example, changes in bereavement time, benefits and educational stipends.

She is aware of proposed disciplinary actions and schedules disciplinary meetings among department heads, the subject employee and the manager. In some instances she is aware of the proposed disciplinary action before the involved employee or the employee representative is informed. On at least one recent occasion, she was aware of a Township request for a psychological evaluation of a unit employee who was about to be disciplined, and she typed one of the drafts of the disciplinary notice prior to the employee's or TWU's knowledge of the discipline. She has also faxed proposed discipline notices to the township's labor counsel for review. From

time to time, department heads discuss personnel/labor relations issues with regard to specific employees in her presence, particularly when they are waiting to see the manager on the same issues. Finally, with regard to disciplinary matters, Schneider has received and faxed data on discipline/employee records to and from the manager and the department heads and the labor counsel. She is also aware of discipline matters which are discussed by department heads or the manager with the human resources manager. As a result of her work location, Schneider overhears telephone calls between the human resources manager and other parties concerning employee discipline.

Schneider apparently does not attend disciplinary conferences, nor has she been involved in negotiations sessions or executive sessions of the township council. Schneider has prepared data for the township budget and presented it to the township manager.

Finally, Schneider has access to employees' files and has frequently pulled files or placed material in those files, some of which involved disciplinary matters.

Secretary to the Township Manager
The secretary to the manager position is currently held by Maria Hesselbarth. She has held that position since approximately December 1, 1999. Her work station is located in the front office of the township manager's suite described earlier. Hesselbarth also reports directly to the township manager.

The job description for the secretary to the manager lists the duties of the position as follows:
General Statement of Duties : Performs secretarial and general clerical work for the Township Manager which follows well established procedures; does related work as required.

Distinguishing Features of the Class : Work is performed in accordance with a prescribed routine. This employee is required to take dictation at a working rate of speed in conjunction with the performance of varied clerical tasks. Detailed instructions are given at the beginning of work and on subsequent new assignments; however, after employee becomes familiar with policies and procedures, they are expected to work with some independence. Work involving more varied tasks is given more supervision than that which is repetitive in nature. Work is normally reviewed and verified upon completion.

Examples of Work: (Illustrative Only)

Takes and transcribes dictation of letter, memoranda, reports and other materials;

Types letters, memoranda, reports, statistical charts, forms, questionnaires, and other materials from clerk copy and rough drafts, and cuts stencils as necessary;

Assists the Administrative Assistant in the typing of labor negotiations, proposals and grievance replies;

Assists in maintaining personnel, labor relations and grievance files;

Copies labor sensitive materials and assists telephonic and facsimile contacts between labor counsel, Township Manager and Human Resources Administrator;

Acts as receptionist by answering written and oral requests and inquiries for routine information;

As to Hesselbarth's handling of negotiations proposals, in the Township's recent negotiations with the Teamsters' unit, an initial draft of township proposals with changes made by the manager and noted on the proposal was typed. The Township asserts that

Schneider assigned Hesselbarth to type at least part of the draft prior to it being provided to the Teamsters. The draft itself was not presented in this matter. No other evidence of Hesselbarth's responsibility for typing or handling of discipline notices or negotiations matters was presented.

Hesselbarth's duties also include the preparation of packets for Council's regular meetings. This involves copying and assembling materials, including budget materials. Hesselbarth also took notes at a Council meeting concerning the pending budget in December 1999.

Finally, Hesselbarth occasionally answers the telephones including calls for the manager from labor counsel and directs calls appropriately or takes messages.

We scrutinize the facts of each case to find for whom each employee works, what [the employee] does, and what [the employee] knows about collective negotiations issues. Finally, we determine whether the responsibilities or knowledge of each employee would compromise the employer's right to confidentiality concerning the collective negotiations process if the employee [were] included in a negotiating unit. [ Id. at 510.]

See River Dell Reg. Bd. of Ed ., D.R. No. 83-21, 9 NJPER 180 ( & 14084 1983), req. for rev. den. P.E.R.C. No. 84-95, 10 NJPER 148 ( & 15073 1984).

The key to confidential status is an employee's access to and knowledge of materials used in labor relations processes including contract negotiations, contract administration, grievance handling and the preparation for these processes. See State of New Jersey (Div. of State Police ), D.R. No. 84-9, 9 NJPER 613 ( & 14262 1983).

Employees in clerical positions are often deemed confidential due to their superior's role in the labor relations process and their own performance of clerical support duties which expose them to confidential matters. See W. Milford Bd. of Ed., P.E.R.C. No. 56, NJPER Supp . 218 (& 56 1971); Salem Comm. Coll ., P.E.R.C. No. 88-71, 14 NJPER 136 ( & 19054 1988); River Dell . An employee who performs such tasks will be determined to be confidential within the meaning of the Act.

Access to negotiations and grievance documents through typing and photocopying them and maintaining files containing them may indicate confidential status. See Sayreville Bd. of Ed., P.E.R.C. No. 88-109, 14 NJPER 341 (& 19129 1988), aff'd NJPER Supp .2d 207 (& 182 App. Div. 1989); Montague Bd. of Ed ., P.E.R.C. No. 87-36, 12 NJPER 773 ( & 17294 1986); Mt. Olive Tp ., P.E.R.C. No. 85-113, 11 NJPER 311 ( & 16112 1985); River Dell . However, mere access to materials contained in personnel files, even if confidential in nature, is insufficient to warrant a finding of confidential status. Thus, in New Jersey Turnpike Authority v. AFSCME, Council 73, 150 N.J . 331 (1997), the New Jersey Supreme Court approved the standards articulated in State of New Jersey and explained:

The baseline inquiry remains whether an employee's functional responsibilities or knowledge would make their membership in any appropriate negotiating unit incompatible with their official duties. N.J.S.A. 34:13A-3(g); see also State of New Jersey , supra, 11 NJPER 507 ( & 16179 1985) (holding that final determination is 'whether the responsibilities or knowledge of each employee would compromise the employer's right to confidentiality concerning the collective negotiations process if the employee was included in a negotiating unit.'). Obviously, an employee's access to confidential information may be significant in determining whether that employee's functional responsibilities or knowledge make membership in a negotiating unit inappropriate. However, mere physical access to information without any accompanying insight about its significance or functional responsibility for its development or implementation may be insufficient in specific cases to warrant exclusion. The test should be employee-specific, and its focus on ascertaining whether, in the totality of the circumstances, an employee's access to information, knowledge concerning its significance, or functional

responsibilities in relation to the collective negotiations process make incompatible that employee's inclusion in a negotiating unit. We entrust to PERC in the first instance the responsibility for making such determinations on a case-by-case basis. [ Id. at 358.]

Applying the standards to the facts in this matter, I find that the administrative assistant assigned to the township manager is a confidential employee. Many of Schneider's duties give her access to and knowledge of confidential labor relations matters which could compromise the Township's position in negotiations.

For example, she regularly opens and reads the manager's mail, including correspondence from department heads which has involved proposed disciplinary action against an employee. Schneider thus has advance knowledge of such discipline. She has typed township negotiations proposals and responses to union negotiations proposals and, therefore, has advance knowledge of the Township's negotiations positions.

She has learned of the manager's personnel decisions before they have been presented to the affected employee or the negotiations representative. Also, department heads have discussed personnel issues in her presence. Finally, she has prepared and faxed proposed disciplinary notices from the manager to the township's labor counsel for his review. These types of duties have been found to establish that an employee is confidential within the meaning of the Act. See W. Milford; Salem Comm. Coll; River Dell; Sayreville.

Based upon all of the foregoing, if Schneider were to remain in the TWU unit, the Township's ability to maintain confidentiality with regard to the collective negotiations process would be compromised. Therefore, I find that the administrative assistant to the township manager, Frances Schneider, is a confidential employee within the meaning of the Act. In light of this determination, she is excluded from the existing unit immediately, ^1/ as her functional responsibilities and knowledge of issues involved in the collective negotiations process make her continued membership in the negotiations unit incompatible with her official duties.

With regard to Maria Hesselbarth, while her routine duties appear to be largely clerical and not confidential, she has been exposed to information related to grievance situations and to negotiations proposals. She shares an office suite with other confidential employees including the human resources director and the assistant to the manager, which in part has led to her exposure to confidential information related to the negotiations process and, thus, may be found to support a finding of confidential status. See Salem; River Dell; Mt. Olive . Hesselbarth has a close working relationship with Schneider, who has assigned her tasks including typing of draft negotiations proposals and proposal changes made by the manager in response to negotiations demands. These assignments

1/ Clearview Reg. Bd. of Ed ., D.R. No. 78-2, 3 NJPER 248 (1977).

While Hesselbarth's involvement with personnel/labor issues has not been shown to constitute a significant portion of her duties, she has more than mere access to confidential labor materials. Hesselbarth's functional responsibilities include typing proposed employee discipline recommendations, collective negotiations proposals and responses prior to the employee's or collective negotiations representative's knowledge of the matter. She has a close working relationship with Schneider and Guttman which is likely to continue to expose her to confidential labor materials. She handles communications between the manager and township labor counsel dealing with disciplinary matters. The totality of these circumstances creates a situation where Hesselbarth's continued inclusion in the unit will compromise the Township's ability to maintain confidentiality with regard to the negotiations process and is incompatible with her official duties.

Based upon all of the foregoing, I find that Hesselbarth, as secretary to the township manager, is a confidential employee within the meaning of the Act and must be removed from the collective negotiations unit currently represented by the TWU, effective immediately.